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Annotated Bibliography of NSABP Publications UFT/Leucovorin vs 5-FU/Leucovorin in Colon Cancer Smith RE, Lembersky BC, Wieand HS, Colangelo L, Mamounas EP Oncology 14(10 Suppl 9):24-7, Oct 2000 Abstract Adjuvant chemotherapy has been shown to alter the natural history of resected colon cancer. Two regimens (fluorouracil [5-FU] plus leucovorin and 5-FU plus levamisole) have been found to prolong disease-free survival and overall survival in affected patients. Previous comparisons of these two regimens indicate that 5-FU plus leucovorin may offer a small disease-free survival and overall survival advantage. Evidence that UFT (uracil and tegafur) plus oral leucovorin is associated with significant antitumor activity and has an acceptable toxicity profile makes this a logical formulation for the adjuvant treatment of colon cancer. The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Protocol C-06 is a randomized comparison of the relative efficacies of 5-FU plus leucovorin vs UFT plus leucovorin. Preliminary analysis of the toxicity findings among 1,530 evaluable patients indicates that both regimens are well tolerated and have similar toxicity profiles. National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project Operations Center, Allegheny University of Health Sciences, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.